Any recording added to the footage in post production.
Characteristics:
- Tend to be clearer to the location and direct sound
- To incorporate spatial cues, it needs to be worldised
- All voice over tend to be recorded in post production. if not worldised, the viewer will have to rely on visual magnetisation to orientate the event in the filmic space
Related effects: A.D.R.; Foley sound; Sound object
(Sonnenschein, 2001)